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Smooth surfaced, non-faceted cuts of gemstones, in any shape.
Cabochons Index
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A
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Agate - Mohs - 7
Agate is a subset of chalcedony quartz. It comes in many colors and patterns, including plumes, bands, and inclusions. Some popular types include crazy lace agate, burro creek agate, amethyst sage agate, plume agate, and moss agate.
Agatized
Agatized refers to a fossilization process by which the organic material is replaced by chalcedony quartz.
Amazonite - Mohs 6
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Amber - Mohs - 2-2.5
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Amethyst Stalactite Slice
Read About Amethyst Stalactite Slices ~ Find Amethyst Stalactite SliceJewelry
Ammolite
See Ammolite Information.
Ammonite
See Ammonites.
Amphibole
Any of a group of common rock-forming magnesium-iron silicate minerals. They are commonly green to black, but may be colorless, white, yellow, blue, or brown. The commonest form is hornblende; other species include anthophyllite, cummingtonite, tremolite, actinolite, riebeckite, and glaucophane. A variety of jade, called nephrite, consists of actinolite in a finely fibrous form. Some highly fibrous forms are collectively called asbestos.
Anyolite
See Ruby-Zoisite.
Aragonite - Mohs - 3.5-4
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Asbestos
Asbestos is not a mineralogical term but rather a commercial designation for mineral products that possess high tensile strength, flexibility, resistance to chemical and thermal degradation, high electrical resistance, and that can be woven.
Commercially, asbestos refers to the fibrous form of any of a six silicate minerals within the serpentine and amphibole groups. Chrysotile asbestos (white) is a form of serpentine. Varieties of amphibole asbestos are amosite (brown), crocidolite (blue asbestos form of riebeckite), tremolite, actionolite, and anthophyllite. In addition to these six, there are other amphibole minerals that also form long, thin fibrous crystals and get called asbestiforms. These include richterite and torendrikite (dark blue intermediate between richterite and glaucophane).
Asbestos and asbesiforms are often found comprising veins in other rock.
Azurite - Mohs - 3.5
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B
C
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Cal Silica (Rainbow Cal Silica)
See Rainbow Calsilica.
Calcite (Calcium Carbonate) - Mohs 3
Calcite is colorless or white, but impurities can make it just about any color - or it’s presence in other stones can make them paler versions of themselves. It is common in rocks & shells and it can be dissolved into or precipitated out of groundwater, playing a large part in geological formations such as caves, stalactites, and stalagmites. In jewelry cabochons it is more likely to be seen as an inclusion rather than to be cut as its own stone.
Calligraphy Stone - Mohs 7
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Also called Script Stone, Elephant Skin Jasper, Mariam, Indian Script Stone, Arabic Script Stone, and Elephant Jasper.
Chalcedony (cal-sid-ney) - Mohs 6.5-7
GENERAL: One of the major sub-sets of quartz. Includes agate, petrified wood, chrysoprase, bloodstone, jasper, carnelian, moss agate, dendritic agate, sagenitec agate, and plume agate.
SPECIFIC: A bluish/whitish/greyish chalcedony variety. Natural chalcedony normally is NOT banded. If you see something called chalcedony with banding in it, it is normally dyed agate.
Chalcocite - Mohs 2.5 - 3
Chalcocite is a copper sulfide with a metallic grey-black color.
Chalcopyrite
Chalcopyrite is a copper iron sulfide and a copper ore. It is a metallic brassy gold color and you may see it called copper pyrite or fool’s gold. Apache Gold is chalcopyrite in black shist from Jerome, AZ.
Chalcopyrite is often intergrown in bornite, which is sold in chunks as Peacock Ore.
Chalcosiderite
See Turquoise.
Charoite - Mohs 5
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Chatoyant
Chatoyancy is also called the cat’s eye effect. The internal structure of the stone causes a band of light to glide over the surface as the stone is moved.
Chrysocolla - Mohs Mohs 2.5-3.5, 6-8
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Copper & Copper Minerals
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Cornetite
Cornetite is a rare secondary copper mineral found in highly weathered oxidation zones of copper ores. It forms deep blue, green-blue to green crystals. The intense blue crystals can form a striking druse against malachite or chrysocolla.
Coral - Mohs 2.5 - 3
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Also see Indonesian Fossil Coral.
Covellite - Mohs - 1.5 - 2
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Cuprite (ruby copper, red copper) - Mohs 3.5
Read About Cuprite, Chalcotrichite, Tile Ore, and Sonora Sunrise ~ Find Cuprite Jewelry
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